The SINGASARI KINGDOM

   The Singasari kingdom (1222-1293) was one of the big kingdoms in the Indonesian Archipelago vang was established by Ken Arok to 1222. The Singasari kingdom reached the peak of the glory when being led by King Kertanegara (1268-1292) that had the title of Maharajadhiraja Kertanegara Wikrama Dharmottunggadewa.

Ken Arok seized the Tumapel area, one of the Kediri royal territories that was led by the Ametung Stump, to 1222. Ken Arok at first was the subordinate the Ametung Stump, but he killed the Ametung Stump because of falling in love with his wife, Ken Dedes. Ken Arok afterwards married Ken Dedes. When being interbred by Ken Arok, Ken Dedes had the child named Anusapati that afterwards became the king Singasari (1227-1248). The King was last the Singasari Kingdom was Kertanegara.

Ken Arok

When in the centre of the Kediri Kingdom the conflict between the king and the Brahmana group, happened all the clergymen escaped to Tumapel and were protected by Ken Arok. To 1222, the clergymen Hindu afterwards crowned Ken Arok as the king in Tumapel with the Sri Ranggah Rajasa Bhatara Sang Amurwabhumi degree. As for the name of his kingdom was the Singasari Kingdom. The news of the formation of the Singasari Kingdom and the coronation of Ken Arok caused the king's Kediri anger, Kertajaya. La afterwards led personally big troops to attack the Singasari Kingdom. The two troops fought in the Ganter Village to 1222. Ken Arok succeeded in winning the battle and since then the authority territory of the Kediri Kingdom had been controlled by Singasari.

Kertanegara 

Ken Arok governed the Singasari Kingdom only five years. To his 1227 was killed by Anusapati, his stepchild (results of the marriage of the Ametung Stump and Ken Dedes). Ten years afterwards Anusapati was killed by relatives tiri him, Tohjaya (the child Ken Arok with Ken Umang). The Anusapati death caused Ranggawuni anger, the child Anusapati. Ranggawuni at once attacked Tohjaya. Tohjaya troops lost in the battle and died in refugees. To 1248 Ranggawuni became the king Singasari had the title of Sri Jaya Wisnuwardhana. Ranggawuni governed the Singasari Kingdom for 20 years (1248-1268) and was helped by Mahisa Cempaka (Narasingamurti). Ranggawuni died to 1268 and was replaced by his child, Kertanegara. La governed the Singasari Kingdom for 24 years (1268-1292).

Troops's Mongol attack

Pamalayu troops were prepared by Kertanegara to face the emperor's attack Mongol, Bilai Ku- Khan, that had the power in China. The envoy was supplemented by Ku- Khan several times came to Singasari to ask for Kertanegara submitted below was supplemented by Ku- Khan. If refused then Singasari will be attacked. This request caused Kertanegara anger by injuring the special envoy was supplemented by Ku- Khan, Meng Ki, to 1289. Kertanegara realised his action will be repaid by Mongol. troops La afterwards reinforced his troops in Sumatra. To 1293 Mongol troops attacked the Singasari Kingdom. However Kertanegara was killed by the Kediri king, Jayakatwang, a year beforehand. Singasari afterwards was in charge of by Jayakatwang.